In fact, hypnosis used to be known as 'Mesmerism' as it was named after Mesmer. Modern-day hypnosis, however, started in the late 18th century and was made popular by Franz Mesmer, a German physician who became known as the father of 'modern hypnotism'. Our earliest record of a description of a hypnotic state can be found in the writings of Avicenna, a Persian physician who wrote about "trance" in 1027. In many cultures and religions, it was regarded as a form of meditation. People have been entering into hypnotic-type trances for thousands of years. Main article: History of hypnosis Precursors Braid based his practice on that developed by Franz Mesmer and his followers (which was called "Mesmerism" or " animal magnetism"), but differed in his theory as to how the procedure worked. These words were popularised in English by the Scottish surgeon James Braid (to whom they are sometimes wrongly attributed) around 1841. The term hypnosis is derived from the ancient Greek ὑπνος hypnos, "sleep", and the suffix -ωσις - osis, or from ὑπνόω hypnoō, "put to sleep" ( stem of aorist hypnōs-) and the suffix - is. The words hypnosis and hypnotism both derive from the term neuro-hypnotism (nervous sleep), all of which were coined by Étienne Félix d'Henin de Cuvillers in the 1820s. Research indicates that hypnotising an individual may aid the formation of false memories, and that hypnosis "does not help people recall events more accurately". The use of hypnosis as a form of therapy to retrieve and integrate early trauma is controversial within the scientific mainstream. Use of hypnosis for treatment of other problems has produced mixed results, such as with smoking cessation. Hypnosis-based therapies for the management of irritable bowel syndrome and menopause is supported by evidence. Hypnosis for pain management "is likely to decrease acute and chronic pain in most individuals". The use of hypnosis for therapeutic purposes is referred to as " hypnotherapy", while its use as a form of entertainment for an audience is known as " stage hypnosis," a form of mentalism. Hypnosis usually begins with a hypnotic induction involving a series of preliminary instructions and suggestions. ĭuring hypnosis, a person is said to have heightened focus and concentration and an increased response to suggestions. In contrast, non-state theories see hypnosis as, variously, a type of placebo effect, a redefinition of an interaction with a therapist or a form of imaginative role enactment. Altered state theories see hypnosis as an altered state of mind or trance, marked by a level of awareness different from the ordinary state of consciousness. There are competing theories explaining hypnosis and related phenomena. Hypnosis is a human condition involving focused attention (the selective attention/selective inattention hypothesis, SASI), reduced peripheral awareness, and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion.
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main menuįigure 1: The first screen of X‑Plane Mobile Home Screen The image below shows the home screen that appears after completing the initial tutorial, or at start up every time you use the app thereafter. If you would prefer to skip the tutorial, tap the “Skip” button at the bottom of the screen until you are able to choose to quit the tutorial entirely. The first time you start the app, you will be taken through the X‑Plane Basics tutorial which will show you the ins and outs of flying in the app. See the section App Integration for more information. Note: To use any of the social media sharing functions, you must also be logged into your social media account. If requested, log in with your Apple ID or Google Play account, which will allow you to make in-app purchases. To get flying, tap the blue X‑Plane icon to start the app. The screen is locked in its current orientation when the icon is gray. Lock the screen of Android devices by swiping from the top of the screen to bring up the notifications center, then tap the icon that looks like a screen with a circular arrow. The simplest way to do this on an Apple device is to swipe up from the bottom of the screen to bring up the Control Center, then tap the icon that looks like a lock inside a circular arrow. It is strongly recommended that you lock your device’s screen orientation prior to starting any flights in the X‑Plane application. Most devices support multiple screen orientations. If you have an Android device, download the free app from the Google Play Store. Getting Startedĭownload the free X‑Plane Mobile app from the iTunes App Store and install it on an Apple mobile device or tablet (iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch). Once installed, ensure you are logged in and synced in the General tabs of the device’s settings. To use the social media sharing features on Android devices, you must first install the Twitter or Facebook app from the Google Play store. Tap your account name to enter your password. To do so on Apple devices, open the Settings app and tap the social media account from within the list. To set up an account, find and tap the app icon, then follow the instructions to log in or create a free account.Ĭompleting tutorials or challenges will also allow you the opportunity to post a comment to Facebook or Twitter as long as you are logged in. Using certain aspects of X‑Plane Mobile requires accounts with external applications such as Game Center, Google Play Game Services or social media.Ī free account with Game Center or Google Play is required to track your scores for completed tutorials and challenges. X-Plane Mobile is also available on Android devices that run Android 6.0 Marshmallow or newer, that supports OpenGL ES 3.0 or newer. Device Requirementsįor people with Apple devices, X‑Plane Mobile requires an iPhone or iPad running the iPhone operating system iOS 13 or newer. If you encounter any unfamiliar terminology, consult the Glossary of Terms at the end of this manual for definitions of many common aviation terms. For a PDF version of this manual, use an HTML to PDF converter such as. To search for a specific term or set of words, press “ctrl” (“command” on a Mac) + “f” to be taken to the term anywhere in the document. Clicking on terms highlighted in blue like this will take you directly to the relevant text or section. To use this manual, you can jump to a section by clicking its title in the table of contents on the side. This is version 11.7 of the manual for X‑Plane Mobile. We have big plans for the future of the mobile sim! About This Manual We’ll be making improvements to the graphics, flight model, and interface technology, and releasing them as free updates available through the App and Google Play Stores. Updates to the X‑Plane simulators will be released periodically. Using this flight model, it’s easy to believe you’re actually soaring through the clouds over Hawaii, Alaska, Austria, and more. X-Plane Mobile is based on the most powerful, versatile, and accurate flight simulator in the world-the same simulator used by companies like NASA, Boeing, and Lockheed Martin. X‑Plane Mobile is the most complete and realistic mobile flight simulator available. Welcome to the world of airliners, general aviation planes, helicopters, and fighters-all in one app, and all optimized to fill beautiful, high-resolution mobile device screens. Last updated: 16 August 2021 Introduction to X‑Plane Mobile
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